OPERATING AUTHORITY

Apply for FMCSA Operating Authority for interstate for-hire carriers, brokers, and freight forwarders.

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If you need to make any updates or changes to your USDOT Number, please file an MCS-150 Update.

What is Operating Authority (MC Number)?

Operating Authority, also known as an MC Number, is permission from the FMCSA that allows a business to operate as a for-hire carrier, broker, or freight forwarder in interstate commerce. If your business transports goods or passengers for compensation, or arranges transportation for others, you will need an MC Number in addition to a USDOT Number.

Consequences of Not Having Operating Authority

Operating without proper authority can result in being placed out of service, plus fines and penalties.

So who actually needs Operating Authority?

Who Needs Operating Authority

Transport goods or passengers for compensation across state lines
Arrange transportation for others (broker)
Operate as a freight forwarder
Transport federally regulated commodities

If your business operates in interstate commerce, you will typically require operating authority.

When You May Not Need It

Operate only within one state (intrastate only)
Are a private carrier (not for hire)
Transport exempt commodities
Operate within a federally exempt zone

Note: Businesses handling hazardous materials or involved in interstate commerce are still required to obtain operating authority.

Types of Operating Authority

There are several types of operating authority depending on your business:

Motor Carrier (MC Number)

For transporting goods or passengers for compensation

Broker Authority

For arranging transportation for others

Freight Forwarder (FF Number)

For coordinating shipments and taking responsibility for goods

Mexican Carrier (MX Number)

For Mexico-domiciled carriers operating in the U.S.

Frequently Asked

Operating Authority FAQ

What's the difference between a USDOT Number and an MC Number?

A USDOT Number identifies your company in the FMCSA's safety and registration system, every interstate carrier needs one. An MC Number (Operating Authority) is a separate permission that lets you transport regulated goods or passengers for hire across state lines, or arrange transportation as a broker or freight forwarder. Most for-hire interstate carriers need both: the USDOT Number is the foundation, the MC Number is the legal authority to do business.

How long does it take to get an MC Number?

The FMCSA's standard processing timeline is 20–25 business days from the day your application is filed. That window includes a 21-day public protest period during which any party can challenge your application. Before authority can be granted, you also need to file proof of insurance and a BOC-3 process agent designation. Delays in those filings are the most common reason applications stall.

What insurance and bonds do I need to activate my MC Number?

Requirements depend on the authority type:

Motor carriers of property: $750,000 liability minimum ($1M for hazmat); cargo insurance is required for household goods movers.
Motor carriers of passengers: $1.5M – $5M liability depending on vehicle seating capacity.
Brokers and freight forwarders: a $75,000 BMC-84 surety bond or BMC-85 trust fund.

All filings must be made directly to the FMCSA by your insurance provider or surety company.

Do I really need a BOC-3 filing before my Operating Authority is granted?

Yes, the BOC-3 designates a "process agent" in every U.S. state where you operate, so legal documents can be served on your business. The FMCSA will not activate your MC Number until a valid BOC-3 is on file. Only a registered process agent service (or you, if you're licensed in all 50 states) can file it on your behalf.

Can I operate before my MC Number is officially active?

No. Even if the FMCSA has received your application, you can't legally transport regulated goods or passengers for hire across state lines until your Operating Authority shows as "Active" in the FMCSA system. Operating during the 21-day protest period (or after filing but before insurance and the BOC-3 are on record) exposes your business to out-of-service orders, civil penalties up to $16,864 per violation, and personal liability for any cargo claims. Wait for the "Active" status confirmation before dispatching any loads.

Applying for an MC Number

Applying for an MC Number typically takes 20–25 business days.

Additional requirements may include:

Filing a BOC-3 (process agent designation)
Obtaining insurance
Securing a surety bond (for brokers)

Failure to complete required filings may result in your application being dismissed.

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